|
Jasmine rice ((タイ語:ข้าวหอมมะลิ); ; (:kʰâːw hɔ̌ːm malíʔ); (ベトナム語:Gạo thơm thượng hạng); (中国語:泰国香米); ), also known as ''Thai hom mali'' or Thai fragrant rice, is a long-grain variety of rice that has a sweet aromatic fragrance, a subtle ''pandan''-like (''Pandanus amaryllifolius''-leaves) aroma caused by 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline. Jasmine rice is grown primarily in Thailand, and to a lesser degree in Laos, Cambodia, and southern Vietnam. The grains cling and are somewhat sticky when cooked, though less sticky than glutinous short-grain rice (''Oryza sativa'' var. ''glutinosa''), as it has less amylopectin. It is still about three times more sticky than American long-grain rice. It is moist and soft in texture when cooked, with a slightly sweet flavor. Like with other rices, freshness and maximal fragrance is retained within six months from the time it is harvested, after which the rice becomes dry and fragrance decreases when cooked. To harvest jasmine rice, the long stalks are cut and threshed. The rice can then be left in a hulled form and sold as brown rice or shucked and sold as white rice. == Types == Thai jasmine rice and Cambodian rice share the same characteristics and grow mainly in neighbouring geographic areas on opposite sides of the northeastern Thai-Cambodian border. Cambodian jasmine rice (Khmer: ''angkaw kra'oup'') is cultivated in Cambodia and processed as white (milled and polished) and brown rice. Distinct Cambodian jasmine rice varieties include these major three, namely ''phka rumduol, phka romeat, ''and ''phka rumdeng''. Recent DNA fingerprint analysis, carried out with 18 markers, shows that all three varieties possess 18 known fragrance alleles. Two varietals (''phka rumduol'' and ''phka rumdeng'') are distinct Cambodian with 17 markers in identical positions, with Thai jasmine rice and one fragrance marker each in a different position. The analysis of Cambodian ''phka romeat'' shows all 18 markers in identical positions with the trademarked Thai jasmine rice Thai ''hom mali''. 〔http://www.cardi.org.kh/index.php?page=detail&ctype=article&id=212&lg=en〕 Jasmine rice, though grown in Laos and southern Vietnam, is not the predominant rice variety; glutinous rice is grown in Laos, and regular ''Oryza sativa ''predominates in Vietnam. Thai jasmine rice from Thailand has a slender shape and a jasmine scent. The two types of Thai jasmine rice are white and brown. Vast majority of jasmine rice exported overseas to North America and Europe is Thai jasmine rice, and a small minority from Vietnam. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「jasmine rice」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|